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IELTS Full Reading Practice - By Cô giáo Đoàn Thị Thanh Phúc
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By Cô giáo Đoàn Thị Thanh Phúc
IELTS READING TASKS

Part 1

Read the text and answer questions 1-13.

Tea and Industrial Revolution

A  Alan Macfarlane thinks he could rewrite history. The professor of anthropological science at King's College, Cambridge has, like other historians, spent decades trying to understand the enigma of the Industrial Revolution. Why did this particular important event – the world-changing birth of industry – happen in Britain? And why did it happen at the end of the 18th century?

B  Macfarlane compares the question to a puzzle. He claims that there were about 20 different factors and all of them needed to be present before the revolution could happen. The chief conditions are to be found in history textbooks. For industry to 'take off', there needed to be the technology and power to drive factories, large urban populations to provide cheap labour easy transport to move goods around, an affluent middle-class willing to buy mass-produced objects, a market-driven economy, and a political system that allowed this to happen. While this was the case for England, other nations, such as Japan, Holland and France also met some of these criteria. All these factors must have been necessary but not sufficient to cause the revolution. Holland had everything except coal, while China also had many of these factors.

C  Most historians, however, are convinced that one or two missing factors are needed to solve the puzzle. The missing factors, he proposes, are to be found in every kitchen cupboard. Tea and beer, two of the nation's favorite drinks, drove the revolution. Tannin, the active ingredient in tea, and hops, used in making beer, both contain antiseptic properties. This -plus the fact that both are made with boiled water- helped prevent epidemics of waterborne diseases, such as dysentery, in densely populated urban areas. The theory initially sounds eccentric but his explanation of the detective work that went into his deduction and the fact his case has been strengthened by a favorable appraisal of his research by Roy Porter (distinguished medical historian) the skepticism gives way to wary admiration.

D  Historians had noticed one interesting factor around the mid-18th century that required explanation. Between about 1650 and 1740, the population was static. But then there was a burst in population. The infant mortality rate halved in the space of 20 years, and this happened in both rural areas and cities, and across all classes. Four possible causes have been suggested. There could have been a sudden change in the viruses and bacteria present at that time, but this is unlikely. Was there a revolution in medical science? But this was a century before Lister introduced antiseptic surgery. Was there a change in environmental conditions? There were improvements in agriculture that wiped out malaria, but these were small gains. Sanitation did not become widespread until the 19th century. The only option left was food. But the height and weight statistics show a decline. So the food got worse. Efforts to explain this sudden reduction in child deaths appeared to draw a blank.

E  This population burst seemed to happen at just the right time to provide labor for the Industrial Revolution. But why? When the Industrial Revolution started, it was economically efficient to have people crowded together forming towns and cities. But with crowded living conditions comes disease, particularly from human waste. Some research in the historical records revealed that there was a change in the incidence of waterborne disease at that time, the English were protected by the strong antibacterial agent in hops, which were added to make beer last. But in the late 17th century a tax was introduced on malt. The poor turned to water and gin, and in the 1720s the mortality rate began to rise again.

F  Macfarlane looked to Japan, which was also developing large cities about the same time, and also had no sanitation. Waterborne diseases in the Japanese population were far fewer than those in Britain. Could it be the prevalence of tea in their culture? That was when Macfarlane thought about the role of tea in Britain. The history of tea in Britain provided an extraordinary coincidence of dates. Tea was relatively expensive until Britain started direct trade with China in the early 18th century. By the 1740s, about the time that infant mortality was falling, the drink was common. Macfarlane guesses that the fact that water had to be boiled, together with the stomach-purifying properties of tea so eloquently described in Buddhist texts, meant that the breast milk provided by mothers was healthier than it had ever been. No other European nation drank tea so often as the British, which, by Macfarlane's logic, pushed the other nations out of the race for the Industrial Revolution.

G  But, if tea is a factor in the puzzle, why didn't this cause an industrial revolution in Japan? Macfarlane notes that in the 17th century, Japan had large cities, high literacy rates and even a futures market. However, Japan decided against a work-based revolution, by giving up labor-saving devices even animals, to avoid putting people out of work. Astonishingly, the nation that we now think of as one of the most technologically advanced, entered the 19th century having almost abandoned the wheel. While Britain was undergoing the Industrial Revolution, Macfarlane notes wryly, Japan was undergoing an industrious one.

Questions 1–7

Reading passage 1 has seven paragraphs, A-G.

Choose the correct heading for paragraphs A-G from the list of headings below.

Write the correct number, i-ix, in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet

i Cases of Japan, Holland and France
ii Tea drinking in Japan and Britain
iii Failed to find a plausible cause for mystery about lower mortality rate
iv Preconditions necessary for industrial revolution
v Time and place of industrialization
vi Conclusion drawn from the comparison with Japan
vii Relation between population and changes of drink in Britain
viii Two possible solutions to the puzzle
1 Paragraph A
2 Paragraph B
3 Paragraph C
4 Paragraph D
5 Paragraph E
6 Paragraph F
7 Paragraph G

Questions 8–13

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?

  • TRUE if the statement is true
  • FALSE if the statement is false
  • NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage
8The industrialization did not happen in China because of its inefficient railway transportation.
9Tea and beer contributed to protect people from waterborne disease.
10Roy Porter disagreed with the proposed theory about the missing factors.
11The reason of lower child deaths is fully explained by food.
12The British made beer by themselves.
13Tax on malt indirectly affected the increase of population in late 17th century.

UNIT 8 - TIÊNG ANH 10 - THÍ ĐIỂM



I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
1. A. throw                  B. though                    C. thick                       D. thought
2. A. check                  B. cheese                     C. chemistry                D. cherry
3. A. result                  B. evolution                C. hundred                  D. button
4. A. hear                    B. read                         C. mean                       D. reach
5. A. content               B. electricity               C. species                    D. sentence


II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.
1. A. expensive           B. different                 C. personal                  D. general
2. A. delicious             B. encourage               C. excited                    D. digital
3. A. practical             B. official                    C. successful               D. surprising
4. A. different             B. imagine                   C. relative                   D. following
5. A. astonished          B. religion                   C. excellent                 D. effective
III. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences.
1. The people ____ courage you praised are now citizens.
A. whose                     B. which                      C. whom                     D. that
2. Your folks ____ live in farmhouses do not like the life of the city.
A. whose                     B. who                         C. they                        D. which
3. Those towns ____ you were looking at in Gaul are small.
A. who                        B. where                      C. which                      D. whom
4. In Helvetia I have seen a large city ____ many people live.
A. at which                  B. which                      C. on which                 D. in which
5. Tom, ____ is not my friend is my enemy.
A. who                        B. which                      C. whom                     D. A&B
6. I sent my friend the books ____ I had written.
A. who                        B. which                      C. whom                     D. what
7. Behind the farmhouse there was a large garden, ____ the farmer and his sons were working
A. for which                B. which                      C. in which                  D. that
8. Did you see the men ____ I gave the money?
A. to whom                 B. which                      C. from whom             D. to that
9. She sends me the book ____ she ____ two years ago.
A. whom / writes        B. whose /wrote          C. which/ writes          D. which / wrote
10. The man ____ spoke to John is my brother.
A. whom                     B. who                         C. whose                     D. which
11. A teacher can create a classroom blog ____ they post notes and assignments for students.
A. where                     B. that                         C. who                        D. whose
12. Students ____ seem to be taking notes on their laptop are sometimes surfing the Internet in class.
A. who                        B. which                      C. whose                     D. they
13. Notebooks, tablets and cellphones are all technology ____ students are accustomed to and can use as learning aids.
A. when                       B. whose                     C. that                         D. where
14. All smartphones ____ storage hardware is big can store downloaded audio books.
A. which                     B. who                        C. whose                     D. that
15. Science teachers ____ use the 3D projectors and other electronic devices can easily illustrate the lessons.
A. whom                     B. what                        C. who                         D. whose
16. Letting students use their own digital devices in class can improve the ____ experience in many ways.
A. educated                 B. educational             C. uneducated             D. educator
17. The use of mobile apps in learning has been very ____.
A. stressing                 B. wasteful                  C. promising               D. dangerous
18. We are looking to find ____ ways to stimulate learning and continually trying to improve the way we teach.
A. portable and mobile                                    B. new and creative
C. ineffective and inappropriate                     D. shocking and amazing
19. Mobile devices increase opportunities for learning after school hours and increase teachers’____ and their comfort levels with technology.
A. behavior                 B. lines                        C. ability                     D. paths
20. The teacher was surprised to discover that his students are quieter and more focused on their assignments when they are allowed to listen to their soft music during ____.
A. private work                                               B. private homework             
C. individual homework                                 D. individual classwork
IV. Use 'who', 'which', 'that' or 'whose' to complete each of the sentences.
1. People ____ whose ____ work involves using a computer for most of the day may suffer from headaches.
2. Mr Xuan Truong, _____ who ______ was my first teacher, received an award for teaching excellence.
3. That's Peter, _____ whose _____ father has just come back from the Philipines.
4. That media player, _____ which _____ I often use to practise English, has some great apps.
5. The house _____ which ______ my father built is big.
6. The woman ______ who ____ you have just spoken to is my favourite English teacher.
V. Complete the sentences with the following given words.
digital
personal
mobile
technology
electronic
applications
1. My son, who is a promising pianist, is now interested in composing _____ electronic ______ music.
2. Please don't ask him questions about his family. He hates answering ______ personal ____ questions.
3. The phrase ‘_____digital_____ natives' refers to people who are familiar with computers and the Internet from an early age.
4. I'm looking for some new ____ applications ___ to put on my smartphone to improve my English pronunciation.
5. That laptop, which has the latest _____ technology _____, is very expensive.
6. People are now familiar with the term m - learning or ____mobile____ learning, which focuses on the use of personal electronic devices.
VI. Choose the word in the box to complete the text.
access to
enable
both
make
up to us
tool
teach
have seen
environments
through
Technology has become an essential (1) _____tool____ in our lives. Schools should find ways of integrating new technologies into classrooms so that students find it easy to learn new subjects as well as (2) ____enable____ teachers to explain subjects in detail using visual formats. Using technological devices like computers will (3) _____make______ education more fun and interesting for the students. The past ten years (4) ___have seen____ tremendous change in educational technologies and it is time to bring these technologies to our students in the classroom so that they learn easily and efficiently. Teachers will need to learn how to use these technologies so that they (5) ____teach_____ their students on how to use them.
We have seen that private business community has found ways of improving the way we learn by creating educational applications for (6) ____both_____ computers and mobile phones. With a good use of these applications, schools can improve on how students learn and how they get (7) _____access to______
academic information.
New application like YouTube can be used in video and visual education. If a student can learn (8) _____through____ visual or video illustrations, they will always remember that subject being explained, because the brain can easily understand and remember visual objects.
The development of online and offline educational (9) ___ environments ___ will make learning so simple. Now it is (10) ___up to us___ to apply these educational technologies in the classroom and make learning easier.
VII. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage.
Electronic learning is a technology of education that implies self-motivation, communication, efficiency, and technology. E-learning is effective as it (1) ____ distances because the e-learning content is designed (2) ____ media that can be (3) ____ from properly equipped computers, and other means of internet accessible technology.
E-learning has its own advantages. However, the most important advantages (4) ____
in the reduction of time, efforts and cost.
Furthermore, we can talk about the following (5) ____ of E-learning with the increasing of communication between the student and themselves and between the student and the school a fast and easy way is needed to bring everybody together.
Throughout different directions such as discussing forums, e-mail, and chat rooms, (6) ____ think that these things increase and motivate students to participate and react with the subjects in question.
Another advantage of e-learning as that it makes all students feel equal. Since the communication tools give (7) ____ students the opportunity to express his own opinion clearly and directly at any time without being embarrassed, in contrary to the traditional teaching halls (8) ____ don't have such a feature due to the bad distribution of the tables or because of shyness or other reasons.
E-learning provides teachers with great facilities that are accessible out of working hours, that is because the learner can send the inquiries to the teacher through the e-mail at (9) ____ time, yet this feature is more useful and suitable for the teacher instead of being instead of being restricted at his desk.
By e-learning the attendance is not necessary as the new technology provides the communication (10) ____ without the need to be available in a specific place or time.
1. A. instrument          B. equipment               C. machine                  D. eliminates
2. A. with                    B. enables                    C. make                       D. makes
3. A. add                     B. put                          C. cause                       D. accessed
4. A. see                      B. saw                         C. lay                           D. has seen
5. A. ask                      B. advantages             C. learn                        D. request
6. A. only                    B. either                      C. researchers             D. not only
7. A. each                    B. possibility of          C. method of               D. right about
8. A. about                  B. which                      C. of                            D. for
9. A. settings               B. sights                      C. surroundings           D. any
10. A. up to our           B. time to us                C. methods                  D. in time

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